For Members Only is published monthly by NCCBI when the General Assembly is not in session  

Fall membership meetings begin
Down East, in the Triangle and Triad


NCCBI staff members will be on the road much of this month for 15 regional membership meetings. The statewide tour will wrap up in early October with four other events. We’re looking forward to seeing you at one of the meetings and we hope you bring a prospective member along.

The Area Meetings are a great opportunity for members to tell the NCCBI staff what’s on your mind, to make suggestions for association activities and to hear brief reports on what we’ve done for you in the past year in Raleigh and Washington. They also offer a chance for you to chat with Sue W. Cole of Greensboro, the U.S. Trust Company of North Carolina executive who is the first woman chair of NCCBI, or with Barry Eveland of Raleigh, the NCCBI first vice chair who is the IBM senior state executive for North Carolina.

Brochures with complete information on the events and registration cards have been mailed to all members on two occasions. Please fill out the registration card so we’ll have an accurate count for the meal and a name badge waiting for you. Members also can register online through the NCCBI web site at http://nccbi.org/2003.Area.Meeting.Form.htm.

The first stop on the Area Meeting tour came Sept. 2 when the NCCBI staff visited Wilson for a steak cookout at the Wilson Chamber of Commerce. The tour moved to Elizabeth City Sept. 3 for a luncheon at Pine Lakes Country Club. The Triangle meeting will be Sept. 4 at the Angus Barn. Please consult the schedule below to make sure you have already marked your calendar for the event in your town.

There is no charge to attend an Area Meeting. All the costs are paid through the generous support of local hosts, who are listed below. Join us in thanking them for their support!

Schedule of NCCBI Fall Area Meetings. Come and bring a friend!

City         

Date

Event

Location

Wilson/Rocky Mount

Tuesday, Sept. 2

Cookout

Wilson Chamber

Elizabeth City

Wednesday, Sept. 3

Luncheon

Pine Lakes Country Club

Triangle

Thursday, Sept. 4

Luncheon

Angus Barn

Winston-Salem

Monday, Sept. 15

Reception

Piedmont Club

High Point

Tuesday, Sept. 16

Breakfast

String & Splinter Club

Greensboro

Tuesday, Sept. 16

Luncheon

Grandover Resort

Greenville

Tuesday, Sept. 23

Reception

Greenville Hilton

New Bern

Wednesday, Sept 24

Luncheon

Riverfront Convention Center

Goldsboro/Kinston

Wednesday, Sept 24

Reception

Walnut Creek Country Club

Fayetteville

Thursday, Sept. 25

Luncheon

Holiday Inn Bordeaux

Wrightsville Beach

Thursday, Sept. 25

Reception

Holiday Inn Sunspree

Hickory

Monday, Sept. 29

Luncheon

Holiday Inn Select

Asheville

Monday, Sept. 29

Reception

Grove Park Inn Resort

Boone

Tuesday, Sept. 30

Luncheon

Broyhill Conference Center

Gastonia/Shelby

Tuesday, Sept. 30

Reception

Gastonia City Club

Concord/Salisbury

Wednesday, Oct. 1

Breakfast

Philip Morris

Charlotte

Wednesday, Oct. 1

Luncheon

Westin Hotel

Elon

Tuesday, Oct. 14

Luncheon

Elon Univ., Moseley Center

Pinehurst/S.Pines

Tuesday, Oct. 14

Reception

Pinehurst Resort

Breakfasts begin at 7:30 a.m., luncheons at 11:45 a.m., cookout and receptions at 5:30 p.m.

  ASHEVILLE: The Biltmore Company; Biltmore Farms; Grove Park Inn; Hampton Inns of Asheville; Ingles Markets, Inc.; Charles D. Owen Manufacturing; Tanner Companies.

BOONE: First Citizens Bank; Grandfather Mountain; High Country Bank; Lowe’s Companies; Tweetsie Railroad; Walker College of Business, Appalachian State University.

CHARLOTTE: Allvac; Bank of America; Belk Inc.; BellSouth; Carolina Public Relations/Marketing Inc.; Carolina Tractor & Equipment; Charlotte Hardwood Center; Cummins Atlantic Inc.; Duke Energy; Hunton & Williams; Kennedy Covington; KPMG LLP; Lincoln Harris; Little & Associates Architects; Palmer & Cay; Shelco; Southern Shows; Wachovia Bank NA.

CONCORD/SALISBURY: Philip Morris.  

ELIZABETH CITY: Albemarle Propane; Biggs Pontiac Inc.; City Beverage Co. Inc.; Gateway Bank & Trust Co.; J.W. Jones Lumber Co. Inc.; W.W. Owens & Sons Moving & Storage Inc.

ELON: BB&T; Bank of America; Café Concepts; Central Carolina Bank; Chandler Concrete Co. Inc.; Cobb Ezekiel Brown & Co. PA; Elon University Love School of Business; 1st State Bank; Gilliam Coble & Moser LLP; Glen Raven Inc.; LabCorp; MidCarolina Bank; Samet Corp.; Thomas, Stout, Stuart, Core & Stuart, LLP; Vernon Vernon Wooten Brown Andrews & Garrett PA; Wachovia Bank NA; Westcott Buick Pontiac Isuzu GMC; Wishart Norris Henninger & Pittman PA.

FAYETTEVILLE: Fayetteville Publishing; Glenn Jernigan & Associates; Tom Keith & Associates Inc.; Kelly-Springfield Tire Co.

GASTONIA/SHELBY: Citizens South Bank; First Gaston Bank; The First National Bank (Shelby); David Hoyle Investments; Parkdale Mills; PSNC Energy.

GOLDSBORO/KINSTON: Brody Associates; Group III Management, Inc.; Harvey Enterprises & Affiliates; T. A. Loving Co.; R. N. Rouse & Co.; Seegars Fence Co.

GREENSBORO: Brady Services; Koury Corp.; Southeast Fuels Inc.; United Guaranty Corp.; U.S. Trust Co. N.A.; VF Corp.

GREENVILLE: The Daily Reflector; DIMON International; Dixon Doub Conner & Foster PLLC; DSM Pharmaceuticals; Grady-White Boats; University Health Systems (PCMH).

HICKORY: Bank of Granite; Bernhardt Furniture; Broyhill Investments; CV Industries; Hickory Furniture Mart; Hickory Springs Manufacturing; Alex Lee Inc.; Shurtape Technologies; Office of Jack Suddreth.

HIGH POINT: B&C Associates Inc.; Classic Gallery; Dixon Odom; High Point Bank & Trust; Lexington State Bank; North State Communications; Phillips Industries.

NEW BERN: Amital Spinning; Hatteras Yachts; Jenkins Gas & Oil; Kenneth Morris Insurance; RSM McGladrey; Stallings & Thomas Inc.; Linda Staunch & Associates; Ward and Smith PA; Weyerhaeuser Co.

PINEHURST/SOUTHERN PINES: Asheboro Elastics Corp.; Capel Inc.; Century Associates of North Carolina; First National Bank and Trust; Hobbs, Upchurch & Associates; Jordan Lumber; George W. Little & Associates; Pinehurst Resorts.

TRIANGLE:  Blue Cross/Blue Shield; First Citizens Bank; The Freelon Group; Golden Corral Corp.; IBM; Martin Marietta Materials; O’Brien/Atkins Associates; Progress Energy; Sprint; Verizon Communications; York Properties Inc.

WILSON/ROCKY MOUNT: Dove Knight & Whitehurst Architects; Merck; RBC Centura; Standard Commercial; Stephenson Millwork. 

WINSTON-SALEM: BB&T; DB Alex Brown; TW Garner Food Co.; Kilpatrick Stockton; Krispy Kreme Doughnuts Inc.; Novant Health; Salem Academy & College; Wachovia Bank; Womble Carlyle.

WRIGHTSVILLE BEACH: Cameron Management Inc.; David Jones Investments; Pharmaceutical Product Development; North Carolina State Ports Authority; RSM McGladrey; Woodbury & Co.


Legislative Issues
Special session fails to override veto
A
s expected, the General Assembly met only briefly on Aug. 27 and failed to override Gov. Mike Easley’s veto of H. 917 Conform Mortgage Lending Laws. The measure was intended to conform the laws related to permissible interest rates for home loans secured by first mortgages, and to authorize the Legislative Research Commission to study issues related to banking and lending laws. Easley was required to call the special session under terms of the veto statute, which specifies that if the governor vetoes a bill when the legislature is in recess, lawmakers must be given the opportunity to quickly override it. However, the House, with 37 members present, met for less than half an hour before voting to send the bill to a committee and then adjourning. The Senate also met briefly with only eight members in attendance. The bill would have allowed consumer finance companies to charge fees of up to 3 percent on mortgage loans, up from 1 percent now. In his veto message, which was read in the House, Easley said the bill "has no economic benefit to North Carolina or our working families. It would simply increase the cost of loans for North Carolina citizens at a time that they can afford it least."

Senate to reconvene to examine medical malpractice reform
T
he Senate will reconvene Sept. 15 to consider medical malpractice reform and apparently will start by examining S. 9 Medical Malpractice Damages/Attorney’s Fees, legislation introduced early last session by Sen. Bob Pittinger (R-Charlotte). The bill was thoroughly discussed during nine committee hearings but was never voted on. Three thousand physicians came to Raleigh on April 8 to express their support for reform. Pittinger says North Carolina is losing a doctor a day who is retiring early or significantly limiting his or her practice over the soaring costs of medical malpractice insurance. However, several other states adopted medical malpractice reforms this year, mainly adopting caps on non-economic damages.  The charts beginning on page 9 detail the reforms those states adopted.


 
Education
High school SAT scores climb above 1,000
N
orth Carolina's average score on the SAT reached four digits for the first time last school year, to 1,001, a 3-point gain from the previous year. North Carolina's increase trailed a 6-point jump in the national average, which climbed to 1,026. Among 23 states where at least half the graduating seniors take the SAT, North Carolina's average score ranked 19th. But among that same group of states, North Carolina landed first in terms of improvement since the class of 1990. The state's average score has risen 53 points since then, while the nation's average gained 25 points.

With 68 percent of graduating seniors opting to take the exam, North Carolina ranked 13th in the nation, along with Maryland, in participation. States with the lowest rates of participation have the highest average scores. Among states where at least half the students took the exam, Washington ranked first, with an average score of 1,062. North Carolina was ahead of Florida, Texas, South Carolina, Georgia and the District of Columbia, all with high numbers of test takers. Among all states, regardless of the percentage of students taking the test, North Carolina's score ranked 46th, up from last year, when it tied Texas for 47th.

Among African-American students, the average score was 839, a point less than in 1996 and 211 points lower than the average score of 1,050 for white students this past year. The state's average for black students was 18 points lower than the national average for black students, also unchanged from last year. The average score among Hispanic students was 961, the same as last year, but down from 984 in 1998. The state average was 49 points higher than the national average for Hispanics, 1 point less than last year.

In the chart below, all 117 school systems in the state are ranked by SAT score.

 
School System

SAT Score

Chapel Hill-Carrboro

1,178

Transylvania Co.

1,087

Watauga Co.

1,078

Buncombe Co.

1,072

Elkin City

1,072

Wake Co.

1,067

Polk Co.

1,063

Hickory City

1,053

Shelby City

1,049

Henderson Co.

1,049

Moore Co.

1,044

Haywood Co.

1,043

Jackson Co.

1,042

Cabarrus Co.

1,037

New Hanover Co.

1,037

Madison Co.

1,036

Davie Co.

1,035

Yancey Co.

1,034

Caldwell Co.

1,033

Cherokee Co.

1,032

Swain Co.

1,032

Burke Co.

1,031

Roanoke Rapids City

1,025

Mount Airy City

1,021

Asheville City

1,020

McDowell Co.

1,019

Carteret Co.

1,018

Catawba Co.

1,016

Johnston Co.

1,015

Surry Co.

1,015

Granville Co.

1,012

Clay Co.

1,009

Wilkes Co.

1,009

Union Co.

1,008

Hyde Co.

1,007

Orange Co.

1,007

Newton-Conover City

1,006

Dare Co.

1,006

W-S/Forsyth Co.

1,005

Macon Co.

1,003

Charlotte-Mecklenburg

1,001

Chatham Co.

1,000

Asheboro City

1,000

Durham Co.

999

Mooresville City

999

Brunswick Co.

998

Craven Co.

998

Mitchell Co.

998

Davidson Co.

997

Yadkin Co.

997

Guilford Co.

996

Avery Co.

994

Onslow Co.

994

Pitt Co.

993

Iredell-Statesville

991

Rowan-Salisbury

989

Kings Mountain City

988

Currituck Co.

988

Ashe Co.

987

Lee Co.

985

Beaufort Couonty

983

Graham Co.

982

Lincoln Co.

981

Camden Co.

980

Gaston Co.

980

Cleveland Co.

978

Alexander Co.

977

Wilson Co.

977

Edenton-Chowan Co.

976

Harnett Co.

976

Alamance Burlington

975

Alleghany Co.

972

Stokes Co.

969

Randolph Co.

966

Pender Co.

965

Pamlico Co.

962

Kannapolis city

961

Lenoir Co.

960

Stanly Co.

960

Rockingham Co.

957

Franklin Co.

953

Person Co.

952

Wayne Co.

951

Rutherford Co.

950

Cumberland Co.

946

Clinton City

943

Richmond Co.

935

Sampson Co.

932

Nash-Rocky Mount

929

Pacquotank Co.

929

Martin Co.

928

Lexington City

924

Perquimans Co.

924

Greene Co.

921

Thomasville City

920

Montgomery Co.

914

Duplin Co.

913

Scotland Co.

907

Tyrrell Co.

905

Hoke Co.

899

Edgecombe Co.

896

Gates Co.

890

Columbus Co.

888

Whiteville City

888

Anson Co.

886

Bladen Co.

882

Vance Co.

873

Caswell Co.

870

Robeson Co.

869

Warren Co.

862

Cherokee Central

847

Jones Co.

829

Washington Co.

816

Hertford Co.

799

Bertie Co.

790

Northampton Co.

790

Halifax Co.

782

Weldon City

776

 

 



NCCBI offers legal seminars
to protect business owners
from damaging lawsuits

NCCBI is pleased to invite you to attend one of the four seminars we’re offering this fall on the latest developments and complexities in labor and employment law. NCCBI is staging these seminars in partnership with the respected law firm of Haynsworth Baldwin Johnson & Greaves. The seminars are geared toward business owners and the attorneys and CPAs who advise them.

The day-long seminars will be offered Oct. 28 in Greenville, Oct. 30 in Raleigh, Nov. 4 in Charlotte and Nov. 6 in Greensboro. Registration is $225 for NCCBI members, $250 for non-members. Seminar attendees will receive expert instruction on complying with such complex topics as:
  Wage and hour issues;
  Discrimination;
  Family and Medical Leave Act;
  Overtime and recordkeeping;
  Americans with Disabilities Act;
  Negligent hiring, and
  Employment relationships.

North Carolina Chief Justice I. Beverly Lake Jr. will deliver the keynote address at the Raleigh seminar. U.S. District Court Judge Malcolm J. Howard of the Eastern District of North Carolina will speak at the Greenville seminar. U.S. District Court Judge Graham C. Mullen of the Western District of North Carolina will speak at the Charlotte seminar. U.S. District Court Judge Frank W. Bullock Jr. of the Middle District of North Carolina will speak at the Greensboro seminar.

The main presenters at the seminars will be Haynsworth Baldwin attorneys Thomas A. Farr and Gretchen W. Ewalt, co-authors of NCCBI’s new book, “The Employment and Labor Law Resource Guide.”  Seminar attendees will receive a free copy of the book, a $112 value, plus a notebook complete with copies of all the texts and graphics from the seminar.

”NCCBI is pleased to offer this high-quality educational seminar,” said President Phil Kirk. “The subjects are very timely and important and the presenters are experts in their field. Add the quality of the luncheon speakers and we hope you will agree this is a bargain you cannot afford to miss.”

Please watch your mail for the registration brochure pictured above. For more information on the seminars, and to register online if you choose, go to http://www.nccbi.org/ecommerce/.


NCCBI News
Efficiency Commission initiative wins national award
T
he N.C. Utility Savings Initiative has received an award from the National Association of State Chief Administrators. The initiative won NASCA's Outstanding Program Award for leadership and innovation. The initiative was developed as a means to lower costs and conserve energy during lean budget times. The project was proposed in June 2002 by the Governor's Commission to Promote Government Efficiency and Savings on State Spending upon recommendation of the Capital Management Subcommittee. Jim Hyler, the First Citizens Bank executive who was NCCBI chair last year, led the commission. The project was formalized by legislation requiring a comprehensive energy management program for state government. The State Energy Office in the N.C. Department of Administration is overseeing the effort. The initiative has helped 25 state agencies and 17 universities reduce utility expenditures and conserve energy and water. Initiative leaders are hoping to expand the project to facilities leased to the state where utility savings can be realized.


Kirk touts manufacturing at industry appreciation banquet
"
Manufacturing has long been the engine for economic growth, innovation, productivity, and good jobs," NCCBI President Phil Kirk told the audience at the Caldwell County Industry Appreciation banquet at Cedar Rock Country Club on Aug. 28. 

"However, this most fundamental part of our economy is in a downward spiral," he continued.  "Intense global competition on an uneven, unfair playing field is hurting our manufacturers in North Carolina. However, so is the cost of doing business in North Carolina." 

He mentioned the high costs of regulation, costly lawsuits especially in the area of medical malpractice, and health insurance premiums. He said the federal government should enforce the trade laws that are on the books. "We need to get tough on China as it relates to illegal dumping and counterfeiting, along with their undervalued currency." 

Kirk was introduced by George Robinson, a former state legislator. 

In a recent speech to the Winston-Salem Rotary Club on August 12, Kirk spoke on major challenges facing North Carolina. He discussed the economy, education, health care, environmental protection, and efficiency in government, taxes, and transportation. 

He told the Rotarians that there are some bright spots in the North Carolina economy.  Agribusiness brought $59 billion into the economy last year, he pointed out.  "Travel and tourism added more than $12 billion and North Carolina is now the sixth most-visited state in the nation with 43 million visitors coming to our state last year." 

Kirk also praised the Governor, legislature, Golden LEAF Foundation, and the business community for its $65 million commitment to developing biotech jobs in North Carolina. He also reminded the Rotarians not to take the military presence in North Carolina for granted.  "This is more than a $7 billion industry and we should work hard to make sure we do not lose any military bases in the next round of base closings. 

He was introduced by former Senator Jim Broyhill and was invited to speak at the Rotary Club by NCCBI Chair Emeritus David Stedman.

State Government News Briefs
 The infant mortality rate in North Carolina has fallen to its lowest ever, dropping last year to 8.2 deaths per 1,000 live births. That’s down 3.5 percent from the 2001 rate of 8.5. The infant mortality rate for minorities declined by 4.1 percent to 14.2 deaths per 1,000 live births, also a record low. The white infant mortality rate dropped to 5.9, compared to 6.1 in 2001, a decline of 3.3 percent.
* The landfill created in Warren County to house 60,000 tons of roadside soil contaminated by polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) dumped illegally in the late 1970s is nearly detoxified. Crews anticipate completing work by the end of September and being off site before year’s end. Gov. Mike Easley, who helped steer more than $6.1 million to the project since taking office, said the property will soon be returned to beneficial public use. Options being discussed for the 142-acre tract include building a community park. In all, $16.2 million has been spent to detoxify or neutralize the contaminated soil. Funding came from a variety of sources, including appropriations from the General Assembly, a U.S. Department of Justice $570,000 settlement with Ward Transformer – the source of the PCBs -- and transfers from environmental projects that were completed under budget. The landfill, located in the Shocco Township, was constructed in 1982 to contain PCB-contaminated soil from more than 210 miles of North Carolina roadsides. The contamination resulted from the illegal disposal of transformer oils containing PCBs. The roadsides were listed as an U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Superfund site.
* In a major victory for restaurants and other businesses that cater to the public, the N.C. Supreme Court has ruled that a man who fell and hurt himself at the Mid Pines Inn and Golf Club in Southern Pines should not get a new trial in his negligence lawsuit against the golf resort. The high court overturned a decision by a divided Court of Appeals that Alan Barringer should be allowed to proceed with his case. The high court based its decision on a dissent written by Appeals Court Judge John Tyson. In 2000, a Wake County Superior Court jury found that Barringer, who fell while serving himself from a buffet line, was mostly responsible for his injuries and ordered him to pay Mid Pines more than $22,000 for its legal fees. He appealed that decision and won in the Court of Appeals, over Judge Tyson’s sharp dissent.


Names in the News

 Sen. Fern Shubert (R-Union) has thrown her hat into the ring for the Republican nomination for governor. Shubert, a first-term senator who previously served three terms in the House, said she would run on a platform of jobs, education and roads. She joins five other Republicans seeking to oppose incumbent Gov. Mike Easley: former Charlotte Mayor Richard Vinroot; Senate Minority Leader Patrick Ballantine of Wilmington; Davie County Commissioner Dan Barrett; George Little, a Southern Pines insurance executive; Timothy Cook, a Browns Summit textile chemist; and former state GOP chairman Bill Cobey.

 

Florida

Damage
Caps

Joint
Liability Reforms

Collateral
Source Reforms

Attorney Fees Limited

Periodic Payments Limited


$1.25 million cap on non-economic damages in most cases, with physicians’ liability capped at $500,000 and hospitals and other medical providers’ liability capped at $750,000. $150,000 cap on ED physicians, with a $300,000 cap in suits against multiple providers. In most cases, non-economic damages would be limited to $500,000 for each non-ED physician for a total of no more than $1 million for all patients and relatives involved. Hospitals, HMOs, hospices, and other “non-physician providers would be liable for damages of up to $750,000 with a limit of $1.5 million for multiple claimants. For cases ending in “death or other serious injuries such as blindness or loss of reproductive ability,” damages would be limited to $2.5 million ($1 million from physicians and $1.5 million form other care facilities) (2003)

 


Joint and several liability does not apply to non-economic damages. Joint and several liability applies to part of the economic damages awarded, based on the claimant’s percentage of fault and the particular defendant’s percentage of fault.


Yes, and the court must reduce damages by the amounts paid to the claimant from collateral sources. If a right of subrogation exists, there is no reduction in damages. Benefits received by the government sources are not considered collateral benefits.


Yes. Levels vary based on how far the proceedings go before payment is received (settled, litigated, etc.)


Yes, for the future economic awards exceeding $250,000, the court must order periodic payments at the request of any party unless the court determines that manifest injustice would result to any party.

Idaho

Damage
Caps

Joint
Liability
Reforms

Collateral Source Reforms

Attorney Fees Limited

Periodic Payments Limited


$250,000 cap on non-economic damages per claimant in all personal injury and wrongful death actions. Cap will be adjusted annually beginning on July 1, 2004 based on the average state wage increase. Cap does not apply to willful or reckless conduct or felonious acts. (2003)


Yes. Defendants are responsible only for their proportionate share of negligence, except where co-defendants were acting in concert or a person is an agent or servant of a party.


Yes, collateral sources may be submitted to the judge following the verdict. Judgments may be entered only for amounts that exceed recovery from collateral sources.


No


Yes, upon the request of either party, at the discretion of the court, and only in PI cases, where damages exceed $100,000. May not be ordered for intentional torts, gross negligence, or an extreme deviation from reasonable standard of conduct.

Mississippi

Damage
Caps

Joint
Liability
Reforms

Collateral Source Reforms

Attorney Fees Limited

Periodic Payments Limited


$500,000 cap on non-economic damages except in cases where the patient suffers disfigurement or if the judge determines punitive damages are warranted. Cap will be adjusted to $750,000 for causes of action filed after 7/1/2011 and to $1 million for causes of action filed after 7/1/2017. (2002)

 

 

 

 

 


Partially. For non-economic damages, defendants are responsible only for their proportionate share of negligence. For economic damages, a joint tortfeasor who is less than 30% at fault is liable only for his proportionate share of damages , a joint tortfeasor who is more than 30% at fault can be held liable for up to 50% of the economic damages.


No


No


Yes, but they are not mandated.

Nevada

Damage
Caps

Joint
Liability
Reforms

Collateral Source Reforms

Attorney Fees Limited

Periodic Payments Limited


$350,000 cap on non-economic damages awarded to each defendant except when:

(1) the defendant’s conduct constitutes gross malpractice, or

(2) the court determines by clear and convincing evidence that a higher award is justified because of exceptional circumstances. (2002)

 


Yes. Defendants are responsible only for their proportionate share of negligence. Joint and several still applies to economic damages.


Yes. The judge must reduce the verdict by the amount of any collateral benefits, except where a right of subrogation exists.


No.


Yes, if requested by the claimant.

Ohio

Damage
Caps

Joint
Liability
Reforms

Collateral Source Reforms

Attorney Fees Limited

Periodic Payments Limited


Cap on non-economic damages of the greater of $250,000 or three times economic damages up to a maximum of $350,000 per plaintiff or $500,000 if there are multiple plaintiffs. For catastrophic injuries the maximum may increase to $500,000 per plaintiff or $1 million for multiple plaintiffs. (2002)

 

 

 

 


Yes. Defendants are responsible for

Their proportionate share of negligence for non-economic damages. For economic damages, defendants who are 50% or less at fault are responsible for their proportionate share of negligence, but defendants who are held more than 50% at fault are jointly and severally liable.


Yes. Defendants may introduce evidence of collateral sources of payments made to plaintiffs. The plaintiff may submit evidence of any amount the plaintiff has paid or contributed to secure the benefits.


No, but their fees are subject to approval by the probate court if their fees exceed the non-economic damages awarded.


Yes. Court may award periodic payment of damages for awards that exceed $50,000 if the plaintiff or defendant files a motion with the court.

Texas

Damage
Caps

Joint
Liability Reforms

Collateral Source
Reforms

Attorney
Fees
Limited

Periodic
Payments
Limited


$250,000 cap on non-economic damages for judgments against physicians and health care providers; additional $250,000 cap on non-economic damages for judgment against first health care institution; $250,000 cap on non-economic damages if judgment made on any subsequent health care institution. (2003)

 


Yes. Named defendants are held responsible only for the portion of fault attributable to them.


No


No


Yes. Court must order payment of periodic damages if the present value of damages in case equals or exceeds $100,000.

West Virginia

Damage
Caps

Joint
Liability Reforms

Collateral Source
Reforms

Attorney Fees Limited

Periodic Payments Limited


$250,000 cap on non-economic damages per occurrence.  $500,000 cap on non-economic damages for cases involving (1) wrongful death, (2) permanent and substantial physical deformity, loss of use of limb or loss of a bodily organ system, or (3) permanent physical or mental functional injury that permanently prevents the injured person from being able to independently care for himself or herself and perform life sustaining activities.  Adjusted annually for inflation, but the $250,000 cap shall not exceed $375,000 and the $500,000 cap shall not exceed $750,000. (2003)


Yes. Defendants are responsible only for their proportionate share of negligence. 


Yes. The defendant may introduce evidence of collateral sources of payment into evidence and the plaintiff may introduce evidence of payments made to secure such benefits.  The court must reduce the award by the amount the plaintiff recovered from collateral sources offset by any payments or contributions made to secure such benefits.


No.


No.

 

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